Black pepper is one of the most widely used spices in the world. Over 75 cultivars of black pepper are being cultivated in India. Under the ghost pepper, they’re one of the hottest widely available peppers. While it is one of the few spices nearly everyone uses with at least some regularity, most of us don’t stop to consider how this popular spice came to be passed around our tables today. This pepper usually takes on a bright yellow hue as it ripens, but occasionally grows to be red, orange or green instead. Characteristics: Black and wrinkly, chilacas boast a prune-like flavor with a hint a hint of licorice. Over 75 cultivars of black pepper are being cultivated in India. Soil Requirements Virgin soils are ideal for black pepper cultivation. Characteristics: When Portuguese sailors made port of call in what's now South Africa and Mozambique, they brought ashore little chile peppers called bird's eyes, or peri-peri in Swahili. Red varieties come from the same plant as the black, white, and green types, but they are a little less common. One of the hottest (edible) peppers in the world, ghost peppers are used — sparingly — in chutney and curry. When baking, black pepper changes its original color to a greenish side. Serrano Pepper. No matter what pepper you choose, you'll reap powerful health benefits thanks to peppers' unique nutritional profiles. Truly international in their appeal, peppers have become integral to cuisines across the world, from Mexico to Thailand, the Congo to India, and from Hungary to Tunisia. Peppers are used in everything from sauces and condiments to spices and powders. They measure three to four inches long and are slightly curved at the end, resembling a little beak. Crispy Chicken Sandwich with Buttermilk Slaw and Herbed Mayo. Characteristics: This long pepper is relatively mild and very versatile. Karimunda is the most popular of all cultivars in Kerala. Cancer in itself is a painful disease to go through, and the treatments make it no better with painful side effects.… Alternate Names: Yellow wax pepper and banana chili. With more than 1 million Scoville units, it's approximately half as hot as the pepper spray used by law enforcement but 100 times hotter than a jalapeño. The riper the shishito, the spicier the pepper. These peppercorns, left to fully ripen on the vine, turn a brilliant shade of red. They’re lower on the heat scale than habaneros, more comparable to a poblano. Still mild in heat, they’re considered sweet peppers. Ever hear of ancho chilis? With their high water content, bell peppers will add moisture to any dish. Let’s find out with a few selected varieties listed below. Panniyur 4: This variety yields about 1270 Kg/ha. Red Peppercorns. Characteristics: This mild, sweet pepper hails from northern Spain and features a smokey, tart flavor that's ideal for sandwiches and sauces, and also thrives as a compliment to meat and cheese. Get my essential cooking techniques that I learned in culinary school. (Landes is located in southwest France). Karimunda is the most popular cultivar in Kerala. Yes, but only mildly spicy. Underneath all that heat, they have hints of sweetness. Often confused with banana peppers, the two look and taste very similar and can almost always be used interchangeably. The bird’s eye pepper is actually just one type of Thai pepper. Characteristics: This Mexican pepper is typically plucked from the vine while still green. Any ideas? To create the famous tabasco sauce, the pepper is smashed and combined with salt and vinegar, which tempers the pepper's heat (the Scoville rating of tabasco sauce is 2,500 to 5,000 — a mere fraction of its rating as a pepper). These berries grow at the top of the vine, receive the most sunlight and are allowed to ripen longer, until the color reaches yellow-orange and is closer to maturity. Great for Latin dishes like stews, soups, dips, or fire roasted. 50,000 to 100,000 Scoville Heat Units (SHU) Piri Piri Black pepper is prepared by picking the unripe fruit as soon as its skin color begins to change (veraison). 2. Also a favorite in mole sauce, pasilla peppers are the dried form of a type of pepper known as chilaca peppers. Serrano peppers are hotter than jalapenos but not as hot as habaneros. Just a bump up from Anaheim and poblano peppers, jalapenos start to bring the heat. There's no shortage of places to get your black pepper from; as one of the world's most popular spices, it's grown all across the world's spice regions, from India to Indonesia to Ecuador and Brazil. These sweet peppers can range from very mild to hot. They don’t seem too hot. Tellicherry peppercorns. Characteristics: This South American pepper looks like a miniature bell pepper, and, like a bell pepper, can come in shades of orange, yelllow and red. These are popular peppers to fry, but you can also use them instead of bell peppers in various dishes to add a different flavor. The equally pungent flavor of these smaller, dark brown to black peppercorns has a high heat that comes on quickly. Also referred to as cherry peppers, they’re also a key ingredient in pimento cheese. As it matures, it turns bright red and becomes sweeter. You just don’t know which one until you bite into it. Processed peppercorns come in a variety of colours, any one of which may be used in food preparation, especially common pepper sauce. Poblano peppers have mild to medium heat, one step up from the banana peppers and pimentos. Because they contain capsaicin, they have been studied for their ability to stimulate circulation and as a way to medicate arthritis. Ground cayenne pepper is a main ingredient in the chili powder that flavors Tex-Mex dishes such as chili con carne. Alternate Names: Bonney peppers, ball of fire peppers, cachucha and Caribbean red peppers. They’re also good in salads (you’ll usually see them in antipasto at Italian joints) and on pizza. No matter what you choose to do, the Black Pepper Plant offers variety that will spice up the life in your garden. The name sounds hot and exotic, but the guajillo pepper won’t burn your tongue off like some of the other peppers on this list. Average yield ~ 2.2... 2. So, they bring the heat — not a mild pepper by any mean. The other important cultivars are Kottanadan (South Kerala), Narayakodi (Central Kerala), Aimpiriyan (Wayanad), Neelamundi (Idukki), Kuthiravally (Kozhikode and Idukki), Balankotta and Kalluvally (North Kerala). As they mature, they grow from green to red. Wow did not know there were so many peppers, thanks! They can also be added to pizza or to flavor dishes. Next time you're in the mood for some heat, try this recipe. Black pepper is native to the Malabar Coast of India and is one of the earliest spices known. They look like long jalapenos. All types of peppers are part of the genus Capsicum, which includes hot varieties, also known as chile peppers, and sweet varieties, such as the bell pepper. Both grow in Cameroon’s Penja Valley, where pepper has only been cultivated for about 60 years. This post may contain affiliate links. Panniyur 2: This variety yields about 2600 Kg/ha. From spicy to sweet, these are the peppers that flavor dishes around the world. Black Pepper Varieties. Alternate Names: California green chile, chile verde, New Mexican chile. Similarly, Penja white pepper is one of the hottest white varieties. Black Pepper (Piper nigrum) Black pepper – Ingl., Echter Pfeffer– Ted., Poivrier noir– Fr, Piper nigrum – Sp., Перец черный – Russ. Small bush (45-50 cm) with green-purple leaves and flowers, compact. A common property of black peppers is similar in taste to greens. Black pepper tolerates temperature between 10°C and 40°C. Up until the arrival of Spanish and Portuguese explorers in the New World, peppers grew only in Latin America. You’ll use these ingredients in dips, jellies, soups, chili, stews, stir-fries, salsa, and so much more. He is very good at salad or when cooking vegetable stews. Pick peppercorns when green for black pepper or harvest when ripened and remove the inner seed for a spicier, white pepper. I can’t find anything to tell me how hot or uses for them. How to taste different varieties of black pepper My mom just gave me some whiskey infused black peppercorns she found as she knows I love whiskey and I love to cook. If you want the flavor without the mouth-scorching fire, remove the seeds and interior ribs from a chile before cooking it. Also a sweet pepper, they’re often used on deli sandwiches. Characteristics: Just a couple of inches long, with a tapered end, this small pepper … Depending on the time of harvest and the post-harvest process, there can be different types of pepper: green pepper, black pepper, red pepper and white pepper. Of course, used in Thai cuisine, cooks also rely on them to bring the heat to hot sauce, and they’re sometimes used in chili powders. "Black sugar" Amazingly beautiful plant! Hotter than serranos, cayenne peppers can light your mouth on fire. Panniyur 1: This variety yields about 1240 Kg/ha. We don't talk much about terroir when it comes to spices, but it's worth thinking about. Along with corn, tomatoes, and beans, the Europeans brought back some of the peppers and on their travels introduced the plant to the rest of the world, where it took off like wildfire. Sprinkle the peaches with salt and drizzle with the olive oil. Anaheims are popular in salsas and dishes from the American Southwest. 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